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Spacetime Geometry in Quantum Mechanics

By William Brown, Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientist

How quantum gravity describes the inner workings of particle physics: the quantum geometry of entanglement – advances beyond the Copenhagen interpretation.

In a recent paper by the leading theoretical physicist Leonard Susskind, director of the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, a major conundrum of Copenhagen quantum mechanics is addressed as Susskind takes head-on the elephant-in-the-room for the major model of particle physics. The study begins by identifying one of the major shortfalls of the Copenhagen Interpretation, namely that it requires a single external observer who is not a part of the system under study. This requirement has led to a fair amount of confusion and logical inconsistencies when trying to understand the relation between the multiplicity of observers and the system under observation. Obviously, the situation required by the Copenhagen Interpretation is untenable, as the universe...

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Metamaterial That Bends, Shapes, and Focuses Sound Waves

Article by William Brown, Biophysicist, Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientist

Metamaterials are a class of super-materials with remarkable characteristics. Metamaterials have been engineered to bend and shape light, providing an effective invisibility cloak.

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Commentary on Time-Crystals

By Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientists
We recently posted a link to the announcement of the world's first verifiable time crystal. Here, we will elaborate a little further on what a time crystal is and why it is important to unified physics.

The basic idea of a time crystal is relatively straight-forward. A crystalline medium has a periodic, or regularly repeating structure. However, because of entropic considerations (forcing the substance into its lowest energy state) the crystal will not have the same repeating structure in all directions: it will be asymmetric -- this is known as symmetry breaking of spatial translation symmetry. So whereas with normal crystals this repeating, periodic structure is asymmetric spatially (the spatial configuration of the crystalline lattice); with a time crystal the asymmetric periodicity is not in spatial organization but in time-varying media.

Ultracold matter normally serves as the medium, where ions are cooled to such a low...

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Time Crystals – A New Phase of Matter

By Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientists

The mechanism underlying the formation of crystals is the breaking of symmetry in the spatial domain. Also responsible for phase transitions between liquid and solid it has long been associated with a system in equilibrium – that is a system in its ground state.

However, two independent teams of scientists have recently confirmed the existence of crystals in a non-equilibrium state – known as time crystals. Predicted in 2012 by Nobel Laureate Frank Wilczek these systems break symmetry in the time domain – where they show periodicities at an emergent sub-harmonic frequency and are robust to external perturbations. Could this be a resonant frequency of the quantum vacuum?

The basic idea of a time crystal is relatively straight-forward. A crystalline medium has a periodic, or regularly repeating structure. However, because of entropic considerations (forcing the substance into its lowest energy state) the crystal...

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Planck Stars: Quantum Gravity Research Ventures Beyond the Event Horizon.

By Resonance Science Foundation Research Team

In the last section of one of our articles dealing with  the so called information loss paradox of black hole physics - Stephen Hawking Goes Grey – we included a quick description of the cutting-edge work of two astrophysicist Carlo Rovelli and Francesca Vidotto describing what they came to call Planck Stars, which is gaining much interests in the popular press.

The information loss paradox is such a hot-bed of theoretical modeling right now because it suggests that either our theory of quantum physics or our model of black holes is flawed or at least incomplete (the most likely case being both/and, as is usually the solution to seeming paradoxes, which results from either/or thinking). Additionally, and perhaps most importantly, it is also recognized with some prescience that resolving the information loss paradox will hold the key to a holistic description of quantum gravity, and therefore be a major advance towards a...

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Stephen Hawking Goes Grey

faculty article Sep 20, 2016

By William Brown, Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientist

The popular titles stating that Hawking says, “there are no black holes” are incorrect.

Recently there has been a fair amount of publicity about the publication of a transcription of a talk given by Stephen Hawking at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara, California, in August 2013, where Hawking discusses his possible resolution to the so called Information Paradox and the firewall theorem. In the extremely oversimplified explanation given by several media commentators it has been said that Stephen Hawking has refuted the existence of Black Holes with misleading titles such as - Stephen Hawking: 'There are no black holes' (from Nature magazine one of the most prestigious scientific journals). In fact this was absolutely not the case. Hawking did not say there are no black holes – he merely suggested that the classical notion of a gravitational...

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Firewalls or Cool Horizons?

By William Brown, Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientist

Physicists attempt to cool down a heated debate by suggesting quantum entanglement occurs through spacetime wormholes.

The theoretical physics of black holes abounds with paradoxes, such as the loss of information behind the point of no return – the event horizon – and within the singularity (the theoretical object at the center of black holes, where all the mass is thought to be compressed into a point of zero-dimension and infinite density – see our article review on Planck Stars, a solution to singularities and information loss). In the investigation of the effects of quantum behaviors around the event horizon of black holes, a team of physicists have proposed another possible paradoxical situation – the multiple entanglement of particles emitted from the event horizon (known as Hawking Radiation), which would cause violations in the known dynamics of quantum entanglement. The research...

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Quantum Weirdness Replaced by Classical Fluid Dynamics

Article By William Brown, Biophysicist, Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientist


A French team of scientists, led by Physicists Yves Couder and Emmanuel Fort, investigated alternative possibilities in the wave-particle duality interpretation of the double slit experiment by observing bouncing droplets in a vibrating oil bath. The remarkable results have caught the attention of the public eye as this approach may resolve some of the weirdest behaviors of particles at the quantum scale. Couder and Fort demonstrate in a simple experiment that fluid dynamics may be the classical underlying mechanism of quantum particles apparent strange behaviors without resorting to the need for a mysterious and seemingly magical interpretation of modern quantum theory.


It is my firm belief that the last seven decades of the twentieth century will be characterized in history as the dark ages of theoretical physics. Carver Mead – from his book Collective Electrodynamics

I no longer...

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The Proton Radius Prediction and Gravitational Control

Article by Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientists


On December 20th 2012, Director of Research of Resonance Science Foundation, Nassim Haramein, registered a copyright at the Library of Congress for his paper Quantum Gravity and the Holographic Mass (QGHM), which was eventually published in the peer-reviewed journal Physical Review & Research International.

In his manuscript, Haramein utilized Planck spherical units (PSU) to describe the holographic vacuum fluctuations and extremely accurately predict the charge radius of the proton (the radius of the proton is typically more accurately described as the charge radius because all we can say about the proton is that there is a concentration of positive charge in that region of space which defines what we would think of as the surface of the proton). Shortly after Haramein’s submission of his paper to the Library of Congress, on January 25th 2013 a new muonic measurement of the...

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‘Spooky Action at a Distance’ Observed in Two Macro-Scale Diamonds

Article by William Brown, Biophysicist, Resonance Science Foundation Research Scientist 

What would you call two people wrapped up in a phone call? Phonon entanglement. This facetious example is actually very analogous to what has been accomplished in a quantum experiment involving two macroscopic (observable to the naked eye) sized diamonds. In this experiment, molecular assemblies seemed to be strongly interrelated between the two diamonds despite being separated by a sizable space. This instantaneous interaction at a distance, in which the quantum state of two particles – or in this case 1016 atoms – appear to be linked together is referred to as entanglement.

Normally this requires extremely cold temperatures (a few degrees above absolute zero), or special containment systems to keep the particles from interacting with the environment. But diamonds have several characteristics that obviate the need for these extreme conditions. Because of the rigid...

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